Performing Salah five times a day is a principal Muslim obligation, male and female. Salah is the second Pillars of Islam of Five Pillars. Obligatory five times Salah that is dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and night (Isa'). Salah performed face kiblaa, House of Allah in Mecca.Obligatory salah five times a day must be performed by every Muslim under any circumstances. Even though in the condition of illness as long as conscious Muslims have to perform salah. Ignoring salah will be in result severe sanction. Allah apostle spoke" Anyone leaving salah must be kafeer".
Rasulullah صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم spoke
اَخْبَرَنَاالحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ قَالَ أمْبَأنَاالفَضْلُ بْنُ مُسَى عَنِالْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍعَنْ عَبْدِاللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أبِيْهِ قَالَ قَالض رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم إنَّالْعَهْدَالَّذِى بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمُالصَّلَاةُ فَمَنْ تَرَكَهَافَقَدْكَفَرَ
From Abdillah bin Buraidah from his father, the father told that Rasulullah صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم spoke, "Verily, the commitment amongst I and they (human being) is salah. Anyone ignores salah must be kafeer".
One who cannot stand up for illness could perform salah by sitting or laying down.
Worship of salah can be performed anywhere; at home, office and work place but it is recommendable to perform salat in the mosque together with people.
The requirement for legalized salah is that body and cloth must be clean / sacred and performing ablution that is wetting some parts of body such as; palm of hand until wrist, face, hand until elbow, head /hair until two ears, and washing two feet.
So many in Quran Allah order to performing salah for His slaves who believe.
Allah the High decree;
- Quran Surah Al Bakarah verse 43
وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَارْكَعُوا مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ 43And perform As-Salât ( Iqâmat-as-Salât ), and give Zakât and bow down (or submit yourselves with obedience to Allâh) along with Ar-Raki‘ûn {1} .
{1} (V.2:43) Ar-Râki‘ûn : Those who bow down or submit themselves with obedience to Allâh with Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم as the Muslims have done, i.e., embrace Islâm (worshipping none but Allâh Alone and doing good with the only intention of seeking Allâh’s Pleasure). - Quran Surah Huud verse 114
وَأَقِمْ الصَّلاةَ طَرَفِي النَّهَارِ وَزُلَفاً مِنْ اللَّيْلِ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَاتِ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ ذَلِكَ ذِكْرَى لِلذَّاكِرِينَ 114And perform As-Salât ( Iqâmat-as-Salât ), at the two ends of the day and in some hours of the night (i.e. the five compulsory Salât (prayers)). Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (i.e. small sins). That is a reminder (an advice) for the mindful (those who accept advice). {1}
{1} (V.11:114): (A) Narrated Ibn Mas‘ûd رضي الله عنه: A man kissed a woman and then came to Allâh’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and told him of that. So this Divine Revelation was revealed to the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم "And perform As-Salât ( Iqâmat-as-Salât ) at the two ends of the day, and in some hours of the night; (i.e. the (five) compulsory Salât (prayers)). Verily, the good deeds remove the evil deeds (small sins). That is a reminder for the mindful." (V.11:114). The man said, "Is this instruction for me only?" The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, "It is for all those of my followers who encounter a similar situation." ( Sahih Al-Bukhari , Vol.6, Hadith No: 209). (B) Narrated Abu Dharr رضي الله عنه: Allâh’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم said to me: "(a) Be afraid of Allâh and keep your duty to him wherever you may be. (b) And follow up the evil deeds with the good deeds, (verily) the good deeds remove (blot out) the evil deeds. (c) And (treat) behave with the people in a high standard of character." (This Hadith is quoted by At-Tirmidhi ). - Quran Surah Ra'd verse 22 - 23
وَالَّذِينَ صَبَرُوا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَنفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرّاً وَعَلانِيَةً وَيَدْرَءُونَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ أُوْلَئِكَ لَهُمْ عُقْبَى الدَّارِ (22) جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا وَمَنْ صَلَحَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ بَابٍ 23And those who remain patient, seeking their Lord’s Countenance, perform As-Salât ( Iqâmat-as-Salât ), and spend out of that which We have bestowed on them, secretly and openly, and defend evil with good, for such there is a good end
‘Adn (Eden) Paradise (everlasting Gardens), which they shall enter and (also) those who acted righteously from among their fathers, and their wives, and their offspring. And angels shall enter unto them from every gate (saying):
- Quran Surah Israa verse 78
أَقِمْ الصَّلاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَى غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُوداً (78)Perform As-Salât ( Iqamât-as-Salât ) {1} from mid-day till the darkness of the night (i.e. the Zuhr , ‘Asr , Maghrib and ‘Ishâ’ prayers), and recite the Qur’ân in the early dawn (i.e. the morning prayer). Verily, the recitation of the Qur’ân in the early dawn is ever witnessed (attended by the angels in charge of mankind of the day and the night) {2} .
{1} (V.17:78) See the glossary.
{2} (V.17:78) Narrated Abu Salâmah bin ‘Abdur-Râhman: Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه said, "I heard Allâh’s Messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم saying, ‘The reward of a Salât (prayer) in congregation is twenty-five times superior in degrees to that of a Salât (prayer) offered by a person alone. The angels of the night and the angels of the day gather at the time of Fajr prayer.’ " Abu Hurairah then added, "Recite the Holy Book if you wish, for ‘Verily, the recitation of the Qur’ân in the early dawn ( Fajr prayer) is ever witnessed (attended by the angels in charge of mankind of the day and the night)’ (V.17:78)". ( Sahih Al-Bukhari , Vol.1, Hadith No.621).
Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم spoke
حَدَثَا عُبَيْدُاللَّهُ بْنُ مُسَى قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا حَنْظَلَةُ ابْنُ سُفيَانَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رضى اللَّه عنهما قالَ قالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم بُنِيَ الإِ سْلاَم عَلَى خَمْسٍ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَإِلَهَ إلَااللَّه وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رسُوْلُ اللَّهِ وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيْتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَالْحَجِّ وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ*رواه البخاري كتب لإيمان
Rasulullah صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم spoke,"Islam religion is built upon five pillars, professing There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his Prophet, and performing salah, and paying zakat, and pilgrimage hajj and Ramadan fasting". (hadith narrated Bukhari kitabul iman)حَدَثَا بْنُ نُمَيْرٍحَدَّثَنَاأَبِيِ حَدَّثَنَاحَنْظَلَةُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عِكْرِبْنُ بْنِ خَالِدٍ يُحَدِّثُ طَاوُسًا أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ لِعَبْدِاللَّه ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَلَا تَغْزُو فَقَالَ اِنِّيْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم يَقَالَ إِنَّ الإِسْلَامَ بُنِيَ عَلَى خَمْسٍ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَإِلَهَ إلَااللَّه وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيْتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَصِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ وَالْحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ *رواه البخاري كتب لإيمان
Rasulullah صلى اللَّهُ علىه وسلم spoke,"Islam religion is built upon five matters, professing there is no God but Allah, and performing salah, and paying zakat, and Ramadan fasting and pilgrimage hajj to Baitullah".